Our specific objectives are: 1) to quantify the inter-annual variance in connectivity over ~10 y (the lifetime of a typical coastal species), and 2) to compare it to the potential shifts (i) among recent past and present generations, and (ii) induced by climate-change over the long term. These objectives will enable to test the following research hypothesis: shifts in larval transport predicted under future climate are significantly larger than past and present variances in larval transport and gene flow.
